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Parkinson's Disease

Condition Basics

What is Parkinson's disease?

Parkinson's disease is a problem with certain nerve cells in the brain that control movement. The disease affects the way you move. It can include tremors, slow movement, stiffness, and problems with balance. Parkinson's disease gets worse over time. But usually this happens slowly, over years.

What causes it?

Low levels of dopamine, a brain chemical that helps control movement, cause symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Low levels happen when nerve cells in a part of the brain that makes dopamine break down. The exact cause of this breakdown isn't known. Scientists are studying possible causes, such as aging and poisons in the environment.

What are the symptoms?

The main symptoms of Parkinson's disease are tremors, stiff muscles, slow movement, and problems with balance or walking. Other symptoms include pain, depression, and sleep problems. Symptoms differ from person to person. Over time, the disease affects muscles all through your body. This can lead to trouble with swallowing, speech, and vision.

How is it diagnosed?

Your doctor will ask questions about your symptoms and past health and do a neurological exam. This exam checks to see how well your nerves are working. There are no blood tests that can diagnose Parkinson's. But you might have tests, such as an MRI, to help rule out other diseases that could be causing your symptoms.

How is Parkinson's disease treated?

At this time, Parkinson's disease can't be cured. You may decide to wait to start medicines if your symptoms aren't bothering you. You may get occupational, physical, or speech therapy to help you function better. Exercise can also help. Brain surgery, such as deep brain stimulation, may be an option.

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Current as of: December 20, 2023

Author: Ignite Healthwise, LLC Staff

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